Update RELEASES.md for release 20240205

Fixing JSONArrayTest testRecursiveDepthArrayFor1000Levels()

.github/workflows/deployment.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+# For more information see:
+#  * https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions
+#  * https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/workflow-syntax-for-github-actions
+#  * https://github.com/actions/setup-java/blob/v3.13.0/docs/advanced-usage.md#Publishing-using-Apache-Maven
+#
+
+name: Deployment workflow
+
+on:
+    release:
+      types: [published]
+  
+jobs:
+  # old-school build and jar method. No tests run or compiled.
+  publish-1_6: 
+    name: Publish Java 1.6 to GitHub Release
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Setup java
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v1
+        with:
+          java-version: 1.6
+      - name: Compile Java 1.6
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p target/classes
+          javac -version
+          javac -source 1.6 -target 1.6 -d target/classes/ src/main/java/org/json/*.java
+      - name: Create JAR 1.6
+        run: |
+          jar cvf "target/org.json-1.6-${{ github.ref_name }}.jar" -C target/classes .
+      - name: Add 1.6 Jar To Release
+        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v1
+        with:
+          append_body: true
+          files: |
+            target/*.jar
+  publish:
+    name: Publish Java 8 to Maven Central and GitHub Release
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+      packages: write
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Set up Java for publishing to Maven Central Repository
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v3
+        with:
+          # Use lowest supported LTS Java version
+          java-version: '8'
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          server-id: ossrh  # Value of the distributionManagement/repository/id field of the pom.xml
+          server-username: MAVEN_USERNAME # env variable for username in deploy
+          server-password: MAVEN_PASSWORD # env variable for token in deploy
+          gpg-private-key: ${{ secrets.MAVEN_GPG_PRIVATE_KEY }} # Value of the GPG private key to import
+          gpg-passphrase: MAVEN_GPG_PASSPHRASE # env variable for GPG private key passphrase
+  
+      - name: Publish to the Maven Central Repository
+        run: mvn --batch-mode deploy
+        env:
+          MAVEN_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.OSSRH_USERNAME }}
+          MAVEN_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.OSSRH_TOKEN }}
+          MAVEN_GPG_PASSPHRASE: ${{ secrets.MAVEN_GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
+          
+      - name: Add Jar To Release
+        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v1
+        with:
+          append_body: true
+          files: |
+            target/*.jar
+      # - name: Set up Java for publishing to GitHub Packages
+      #   uses: actions/setup-java@v3
+      #   with:
+      #     # Use lowest supported LTS Java version
+      #     java-version: '8'
+      #     distribution: 'temurin'
+      # - name: Publish to GitHub Packages
+      #   run: mvn --batch-mode deploy
+      #   env:
+      #     GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/pipeline.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # This workflow will build a Java project with Maven
-# For more information see: https://help.github.com/actions/language-and-framework-guides/building-and-testing-java-with-maven
+# For more information see: https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions or https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/workflow-syntax-for-github-actions
 
 name: Java CI with Maven
 
@@ -10,12 +10,38 @@ on:
     branches: [ master ]
 
 jobs:
+  # old-school build and jar method. No tests run or compiled.
+  build-1_6: 
+    name: Java 1.6
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Setup java
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v1
+        with:
+          java-version: 1.6
+      - name: Compile Java 1.6
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p target/classes
+          javac -version
+          javac -source 1.6 -target 1.6 -d target/classes/ src/main/java/org/json/*.java
+      - name: Create java 1.6 JAR
+        run: |
+          jar cvf target/org.json.jar -C target/classes .
+      - name: Upload JAR 1.6
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          name: Create java 1.6 JAR
+          path: target/*.jar
   build:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      max-parallel: 2
       matrix:
         # build against supported Java LTS versions:
-        java: [ 8, 11, 17 ]
+        java: [ 8, 11, 17, 21 ]
     name: Java ${{ matrix.java }}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
@@ -26,24 +52,32 @@ jobs:
           java-version: ${{ matrix.java }}
           cache: 'maven'
       - name: Compile Java ${{ matrix.java }}
-        run: mvn clean compile -Dmaven.compiler.source=${{ matrix.java }} -Dmaven.compiler.target=${{ matrix.java }} -Dmaven.test.skip=true -Dmaven.site.skip=true -Dmaven.javadoc.skip=true
+        run: mvn clean compile -D maven.compiler.source=${{ matrix.java }} -D maven.compiler.target=${{ matrix.java }} -D maven.test.skip=true -D maven.site.skip=true -D maven.javadoc.skip=true
       - name: Run Tests ${{ matrix.java }}
         run: |
-          mvn test -Dmaven.compiler.source=${{ matrix.java }} -Dmaven.compiler.target=${{ matrix.java }}
+          mvn test -D maven.compiler.source=${{ matrix.java }} -D maven.compiler.target=${{ matrix.java }}
       - name: Build Test Report ${{ matrix.java }}
         if: ${{ always() }}
         run: |
-          mvn surefire-report:report-only -Dmaven.compiler.source=${{ matrix.java }} -Dmaven.compiler.target=${{ matrix.java }}
+          mvn surefire-report:report-only -D maven.compiler.source=${{ matrix.java }} -D maven.compiler.target=${{ matrix.java }}
-          mvn site -DgenerateReports=false -Dmaven.compiler.source=${{ matrix.java }} -Dmaven.compiler.target=${{ matrix.java }}
+          mvn site -D generateReports=false -D maven.compiler.source=${{ matrix.java }} -D maven.compiler.target=${{ matrix.java }}
       - name: Upload Test Results ${{ matrix.java }}
         if: ${{ always() }}
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
         with:
           name: Test Results ${{ matrix.java }}
           path: target/surefire-reports/
       - name: Upload Test Report ${{ matrix.java }}
         if: ${{ always() }}
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
         with:
           name: Test Report ${{ matrix.java }}
           path: target/site/
+      - name: Package Jar ${{ matrix.java }}
+        run: mvn clean package -D maven.compiler.source=${{ matrix.java }} -D maven.compiler.target=${{ matrix.java }} -D maven.test.skip=true -D maven.site.skip=true
+      - name: Upload Package Results ${{ matrix.java }}
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          name: Package Jar ${{ matrix.java }}
+          path: target/*.jar

.gitignore

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 # ignore eclipse project files
 .project
 .classpath
+# ignore vscode files
+.vscode
 # ignore Intellij Idea project files
 .idea
 *.iml

README.md

@@ -7,8 +7,10 @@ JSON in Java [package org.json]
 ===============================
 
 [![Maven Central](https://img.shields.io/maven-central/v/org.json/json.svg)](https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.json/json)
+[![Java CI with Maven](https://github.com/stleary/JSON-java/actions/workflows/pipeline.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/stleary/JSON-java/actions/workflows/pipeline.yml)
+[![CodeQL](https://github.com/stleary/JSON-java/actions/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/stleary/JSON-java/actions/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml)
 
-**[Click here if you just want the latest release jar file.](https://search.maven.org/remotecontent?filepath=org/json/json/20231013/json-20231013.jar)**
+**[Click here if you just want the latest release jar file.](https://search.maven.org/remotecontent?filepath=org/json/json/20240205/json-20240205.jar)**
 
 
 # Overview
@@ -24,7 +26,8 @@ Project goals include:
 * No external dependencies
 * Fast execution and low memory footprint
 * Maintain backward compatibility
-* Designed and tested to use on Java versions 1.6 - 1.11
+* Designed and tested to use on Java versions 1.6 - 21
+
 
 The files in this package implement JSON encoders and decoders. The package can also convert between JSON and XML, HTTP headers, Cookies, and CDL.
 
@@ -41,56 +44,56 @@ The org.json package can be built from the command line, Maven, and Gradle. The
 **Building from the command line**
 
 *Build the class files from the package root directory src/main/java*
-````
+```shell
 javac org/json/*.java
-````
+```
 
 *Create the jar file in the current directory*
-````
+```shell
 jar cf json-java.jar org/json/*.class
-````
+```
 
 *Compile a program that uses the jar (see example code below)*
-````
+```shell
 javac -cp .;json-java.jar Test.java (Windows)
 javac -cp .:json-java.jar Test.java (Unix Systems)
-````
+```
 
 *Test file contents*
 
-````
+```java
 import org.json.JSONObject;
 public class Test {
     public static void main(String args[]){
        JSONObject jo = new JSONObject("{ \"abc\" : \"def\" }");
-       System.out.println(jo.toString());
+       System.out.println(jo);
     }
 }
-````
+```
 
 *Execute the Test file*
-```` 
+```shell 
 java -cp .;json-java.jar Test (Windows)
 java -cp .:json-java.jar Test (Unix Systems)
-````
+```
 
 *Expected output*
 
-````
+```json
 {"abc":"def"}
-````
+```
 
  
 **Tools to build the package and execute the unit tests**
 
 Execute the test suite with Maven:
-```
+```shell
 mvn clean test
 ```
 
 Execute the test suite with Gradlew:
 
-```
+```shell
 gradlew clean build test
 ```
 

build.gradle

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ repositories {
 
 dependencies {
     testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.13.2'
-    testImplementation 'com.jayway.jsonpath:json-path:2.1.0'
+    testImplementation 'com.jayway.jsonpath:json-path:2.4.0'
     testImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-core:4.2.0'
 }
 

docs/RELEASES.md

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ and artifactId "json". For example:
 [https://search.maven.org/search?q=g:org.json%20AND%20a:json&core=gav](https://search.maven.org/search?q=g:org.json%20AND%20a:json&core=gav)
 
 ~~~
+20240205    Recent commits.
+
 20231013    First release with minimum Java version 1.8. Recent commits, including fixes for CVE-2023-5072.
 
 20230618    Final release with Java 1.6 compatibility. Future releases will require Java 1.8 or greater.

pom.xml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
     <groupId>org.json</groupId>
     <artifactId>json</artifactId>
-    <version>20231013</version>
+    <version>20240205</version>
     <packaging>bundle</packaging>
 
     <name>JSON in Java</name>
@@ -21,12 +21,6 @@
     </description>
     <url>https://github.com/douglascrockford/JSON-java</url>
 
-    <parent>
-        <groupId>org.sonatype.oss</groupId>
-        <artifactId>oss-parent</artifactId>
-        <version>9</version>
-    </parent>
-
     <scm>
         <url>https://github.com/douglascrockford/JSON-java.git</url>
         <connection>scm:git:git://github.com/douglascrockford/JSON-java.git</connection>
@@ -53,6 +47,19 @@
     </properties>
 
 
+    <distributionManagement>
+        <repository>
+            <id>ossrh</id>
+            <name>Central Repository OSSRH</name>
+            <url>https://oss.sonatype.org/service/local/staging/deploy/maven2/</url>
+        </repository>
+        <snapshotRepository>
+            <id>ossrh</id>
+            <url>https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots</url>
+        </snapshotRepository>
+    </distributionManagement>
+
+
     <dependencies>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>junit</groupId>
@@ -63,7 +70,7 @@
         <dependency>
             <groupId>com.jayway.jsonpath</groupId>
             <artifactId>json-path</artifactId>
-            <version>2.1.0</version>
+            <version>2.4.0</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
@@ -97,6 +104,9 @@
                 <configuration>
                     <source>1.8</source>
                     <target>1.8</target>
+                    <compilerArgs>
+                        <arg>-Xlint:unchecked</arg>
+                    </compilerArgs>
                 </configuration>
             </plugin>
             <plugin>
@@ -173,12 +183,11 @@
                         <configuration>
                             <jvmVersion>9</jvmVersion>
                             <module>
-                                <moduleInfo>
+                                <moduleInfoSource>
-                                    <name>org.json</name>
+                                    module org.json {
-                                    <exports>
+                                        exports org.json;
-                                        org.json;
+                                    }
-                                    </exports>
+                                </moduleInfoSource>
-                                </moduleInfo>
                             </module>
                         </configuration>
                     </execution>

src/main/java/org/json/CookieList.java

@@ -46,19 +46,19 @@ public class CookieList {
      * @throws JSONException if a called function fails
      */
     public static String toString(JSONObject jo) throws JSONException {
-        boolean             b = false;
+        boolean             isEndOfPair = false;
         final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
         // Don't use the new entrySet API to maintain Android support
         for (final String key : jo.keySet()) {
             final Object value = jo.opt(key);
             if (!JSONObject.NULL.equals(value)) {
-                if (b) {
+                if (isEndOfPair) {
                     sb.append(';');
                 }
                 sb.append(Cookie.escape(key));
                 sb.append("=");
                 sb.append(Cookie.escape(value.toString()));
-                b = true;
+                isEndOfPair = true;
             }
         }
         return sb.toString();

src/main/java/org/json/JSONArray.java

@@ -149,11 +149,40 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      *            A Collection.
      */
     public JSONArray(Collection<?> collection) {
+      this(collection, 0, new JSONParserConfiguration());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a JSONArray from a Collection.
+     *
+     * @param collection
+     *            A Collection.
+     * @param jsonParserConfiguration
+     *            Configuration object for the JSON parser
+     */
+    public JSONArray(Collection<?> collection, JSONParserConfiguration jsonParserConfiguration) {
+        this(collection, 0, jsonParserConfiguration);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a JSONArray from a collection with recursion depth.
+     *
+     * @param collection
+     *             A Collection.
+     * @param recursionDepth
+     *             Variable for tracking the count of nested object creations.
+     * @param jsonParserConfiguration
+     *             Configuration object for the JSON parser
+     */
+    JSONArray(Collection<?> collection, int recursionDepth, JSONParserConfiguration jsonParserConfiguration) {
+        if (recursionDepth > jsonParserConfiguration.getMaxNestingDepth()) {
+          throw new JSONException("JSONArray has reached recursion depth limit of " + jsonParserConfiguration.getMaxNestingDepth());
+        }
         if (collection == null) {
             this.myArrayList = new ArrayList<Object>();
         } else {
             this.myArrayList = new ArrayList<Object>(collection.size());
-            this.addAll(collection, true);
+            this.addAll(collection, true, recursionDepth, jsonParserConfiguration);
         }
     }
 
@@ -205,7 +234,7 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
             throw new JSONException(
                     "JSONArray initial value should be a string or collection or array.");
         }
-        this.addAll(array, true);
+        this.addAll(array, true, 0);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -331,7 +360,7 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
             if (object instanceof Number) {
                 return (Number)object;
             }
-            return JSONObject.stringToNumber(object.toString());
+            return NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber(object.toString());
         } catch (Exception e) {
             throw wrongValueFormatException(index, "number", object, e);
         }
@@ -1078,7 +1107,7 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
         
         if (val instanceof String) {
             try {
-                return JSONObject.stringToNumber((String) val);
+                return NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber((String) val);
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 return defaultValue;
             }
@@ -1330,7 +1359,8 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      *            The subscript.
      * @param value
      *            The Map value.
-     * @return this.
+     * @return
+     *             reference to self
      * @throws JSONException
      *             If the index is negative or if the value is an invalid
      *             number.
@@ -1338,7 +1368,27 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      *             If a key in the map is <code>null</code>
      */
     public JSONArray put(int index, Map<?, ?> value) throws JSONException {
-        this.put(index, new JSONObject(value));
+        this.put(index, new JSONObject(value, new JSONParserConfiguration()));
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Put a value in the JSONArray, where the value will be a JSONObject that
+     * is produced from a Map.
+     *
+     * @param index
+     *          The subscript
+     * @param value
+     *          The Map value.
+     * @param jsonParserConfiguration
+     *          Configuration object for the JSON parser
+     * @return reference to self
+     * @throws JSONException
+     *          If the index is negative or if the value is an invalid
+     *          number.
+     */
+    public JSONArray put(int index, Map<?, ?> value, JSONParserConfiguration jsonParserConfiguration) throws JSONException {
+        this.put(index, new JSONObject(value, jsonParserConfiguration));
         return this;
     }
 
@@ -1779,13 +1829,14 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      * @param wrap
      *            {@code true} to call {@link JSONObject#wrap(Object)} for each item,
      *            {@code false} to add the items directly
-     *            
+     * @param recursionDepth
+     *            Variable for tracking the count of nested object creations.
      */
-    private void addAll(Collection<?> collection, boolean wrap) {
+    private void addAll(Collection<?> collection, boolean wrap, int recursionDepth, JSONParserConfiguration jsonParserConfiguration) {
         this.myArrayList.ensureCapacity(this.myArrayList.size() + collection.size());
         if (wrap) {
             for (Object o: collection){
-                this.put(JSONObject.wrap(o));
+                this.put(JSONObject.wrap(o, recursionDepth + 1, jsonParserConfiguration));
             }
         } else {
             for (Object o: collection){
@@ -1814,7 +1865,24 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
             }
         }
     }
-    
+
+    /**
+     * Add an array's elements to the JSONArray.
+     *
+     * @param array
+     *          Array. If the parameter passed is null, or not an array,
+     *          JSONArray, Collection, or Iterable, an exception will be
+     *          thrown.
+     * @param wrap
+     *          {@code true} to call {@link JSONObject#wrap(Object)} for each item,
+     *          {@code false} to add the items directly
+     * @throws JSONException
+     *          If not an array or if an array value is non-finite number.
+     */
+    private void addAll(Object array, boolean wrap) throws JSONException {
+      this.addAll(array, wrap, 0);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Add an array's elements to the JSONArray.
      *
@@ -1823,21 +1891,40 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      *            JSONArray, Collection, or Iterable, an exception will be
      *            thrown.
      * @param wrap
+     *          {@code true} to call {@link JSONObject#wrap(Object)} for each item,
+     *          {@code false} to add the items directly
+     * @param recursionDepth
+     *          Variable for tracking the count of nested object creations.
+     */
+    private void addAll(Object array, boolean wrap, int recursionDepth) {
+        addAll(array, wrap, recursionDepth, new JSONParserConfiguration());
+    }
+    /**
+     * Add an array's elements to the JSONArray.
+     *`
+     * @param array
+     *            Array. If the parameter passed is null, or not an array,
+     *            JSONArray, Collection, or Iterable, an exception will be
+     *            thrown.
+     * @param wrap
      *            {@code true} to call {@link JSONObject#wrap(Object)} for each item,
      *            {@code false} to add the items directly
-     *
+     * @param recursionDepth
+     *            Variable for tracking the count of nested object creations.
+     * @param jsonParserConfiguration
+     *            Variable to pass parser custom configuration for json parsing.
      * @throws JSONException
      *            If not an array or if an array value is non-finite number.
      * @throws NullPointerException
      *            Thrown if the array parameter is null.
      */
-    private void addAll(Object array, boolean wrap) throws JSONException {
+    private void addAll(Object array, boolean wrap, int recursionDepth, JSONParserConfiguration jsonParserConfiguration) throws JSONException {
         if (array.getClass().isArray()) {
             int length = Array.getLength(array);
             this.myArrayList.ensureCapacity(this.myArrayList.size() + length);
             if (wrap) {
                 for (int i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
-                    this.put(JSONObject.wrap(Array.get(array, i)));
+                    this.put(JSONObject.wrap(Array.get(array, i), recursionDepth + 1, jsonParserConfiguration));
                 }
             } else {
                 for (int i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
@@ -1850,7 +1937,7 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
             // JSONArray
             this.myArrayList.addAll(((JSONArray)array).myArrayList);
         } else if (array instanceof Collection) {
-            this.addAll((Collection<?>)array, wrap);
+            this.addAll((Collection<?>)array, wrap, recursionDepth);
         } else if (array instanceof Iterable) {
             this.addAll((Iterable<?>)array, wrap);
         } else {

src/main/java/org/json/JSONMLParserConfiguration.java

@@ -55,11 +55,13 @@ public class JSONMLParserConfiguration extends ParserConfiguration {
         );
     }
 
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     @Override
     public JSONMLParserConfiguration withKeepStrings(final boolean newVal) {
         return super.withKeepStrings(newVal);
     }
 
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     @Override
     public JSONMLParserConfiguration withMaxNestingDepth(int maxNestingDepth) {
         return super.withMaxNestingDepth(maxNestingDepth);

src/main/java/org/json/JSONObject.java

@@ -28,6 +28,9 @@ import java.util.ResourceBundle;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
+import static org.json.NumberConversionUtil.potentialNumber;
+import static org.json.NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber;
+
 /**
  * A JSONObject is an unordered collection of name/value pairs. Its external
  * form is a string wrapped in curly braces with colons between the names and
@@ -273,6 +276,30 @@ public class JSONObject {
      *            If a key in the map is <code>null</code>
      */
     public JSONObject(Map<?, ?> m) {
+      this(m, 0, new JSONParserConfiguration());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a JSONObject from a Map with custom json parse configurations.
+     *
+     * @param m
+     *            A map object that can be used to initialize the contents of
+     *            the JSONObject.
+     * @param jsonParserConfiguration
+     *            Variable to pass parser custom configuration for json parsing.
+     */
+    public JSONObject(Map<?, ?> m, JSONParserConfiguration jsonParserConfiguration) {
+        this(m, 0, jsonParserConfiguration);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a JSONObject from a map with recursion depth.
+     *
+     */
+    private JSONObject(Map<?, ?> m, int recursionDepth, JSONParserConfiguration jsonParserConfiguration) {
+        if (recursionDepth > jsonParserConfiguration.getMaxNestingDepth()) {
+          throw new JSONException("JSONObject has reached recursion depth limit of " + jsonParserConfiguration.getMaxNestingDepth());
+        }
         if (m == null) {
             this.map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
         } else {
@@ -284,7 +311,7 @@ public class JSONObject {
                 final Object value = e.getValue();
                 if (value != null) {
                     testValidity(value);
-                    this.map.put(String.valueOf(e.getKey()), wrap(value));
+                    this.map.put(String.valueOf(e.getKey()), wrap(value, recursionDepth + 1, jsonParserConfiguration));
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -1838,6 +1865,10 @@ public class JSONObject {
             }
         }
 
+        //If the superclass is Object, no annotations will be found any more
+        if (c.getSuperclass().equals(Object.class))
+            return null;
+
         try {
             return getAnnotation(
                     c.getSuperclass().getMethod(m.getName(), m.getParameterTypes()),
@@ -1892,6 +1923,10 @@ public class JSONObject {
             }
         }
 
+        //If the superclass is Object, no annotations will be found any more
+        if (c.getSuperclass().equals(Object.class))
+            return -1;
+
         try {
             int d = getAnnotationDepth(
                     c.getSuperclass().getMethod(m.getName(), m.getParameterTypes()),
@@ -2380,84 +2415,6 @@ public class JSONObject {
                 || val.indexOf('E') > -1 || "-0".equals(val);
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Converts a string to a number using the narrowest possible type. Possible
-     * returns for this function are BigDecimal, Double, BigInteger, Long, and Integer.
-     * When a Double is returned, it should always be a valid Double and not NaN or +-infinity.
-     *
-     * @param input value to convert
-     * @return Number representation of the value.
-     * @throws NumberFormatException thrown if the value is not a valid number. A public
-     *      caller should catch this and wrap it in a {@link JSONException} if applicable.
-     */
-    protected static Number stringToNumber(final String input) throws NumberFormatException {
-        String val = input;
-        if (val.startsWith(".")){
-            val = "0"+val;
-        }
-        if (val.startsWith("-.")){
-            val = "-0."+val.substring(2);
-        }
-        char initial = val.charAt(0);
-        if ((initial >= '0' && initial <= '9') || initial == '-' ) {
-            // decimal representation
-            if (isDecimalNotation(val)) {
-                // Use a BigDecimal all the time so we keep the original
-                // representation. BigDecimal doesn't support -0.0, ensure we
-                // keep that by forcing a decimal.
-                try {
-                    BigDecimal bd = new BigDecimal(val);
-                    if(initial == '-' && BigDecimal.ZERO.compareTo(bd)==0) {
-                        return Double.valueOf(-0.0);
-                    }
-                    return bd;
-                } catch (NumberFormatException retryAsDouble) {
-                    // this is to support "Hex Floats" like this: 0x1.0P-1074
-                    try {
-                        Double d = Double.valueOf(val);
-                        if(d.isNaN() || d.isInfinite()) {
-                            throw new NumberFormatException("val ["+input+"] is not a valid number.");
-                        }
-                        return d;
-                    } catch (NumberFormatException ignore) {
-                        throw new NumberFormatException("val ["+input+"] is not a valid number.");
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            val = removeLeadingZerosOfNumber(input);
-            initial = val.charAt(0);
-            if(initial == '0' && val.length() > 1) {
-                char at1 = val.charAt(1);
-                if(at1 >= '0' && at1 <= '9') {
-                    throw new NumberFormatException("val ["+input+"] is not a valid number.");
-                }
-            } else if (initial == '-' && val.length() > 2) {
-                char at1 = val.charAt(1);
-                char at2 = val.charAt(2);
-                if(at1 == '0' && at2 >= '0' && at2 <= '9') {
-                    throw new NumberFormatException("val ["+input+"] is not a valid number.");
-                }
-            }
-            // integer representation.
-            // This will narrow any values to the smallest reasonable Object representation
-            // (Integer, Long, or BigInteger)
-
-            // BigInteger down conversion: We use a similar bitLength compare as
-            // BigInteger#intValueExact uses. Increases GC, but objects hold
-            // only what they need. i.e. Less runtime overhead if the value is
-            // long lived.
-            BigInteger bi = new BigInteger(val);
-            if(bi.bitLength() <= 31){
-                return Integer.valueOf(bi.intValue());
-            }
-            if(bi.bitLength() <= 63){
-                return Long.valueOf(bi.longValue());
-            }
-            return bi;
-        }
-        throw new NumberFormatException("val ["+input+"] is not a valid number.");
-    }
-
     /**
      * Try to convert a string into a number, boolean, or null. If the string
      * can't be converted, return the string.
@@ -2501,26 +2458,7 @@ public class JSONObject {
     }
 
 
-    private static boolean potentialNumber(String value){
-        if (value == null || value.isEmpty()){
-            return false;
-        }
-        return potentialPositiveNumberStartingAtIndex(value, (value.charAt(0)=='-'?1:0));
-    }
 
-    private static boolean potentialPositiveNumberStartingAtIndex(String value,int index){
-        if (index >= value.length()){
-            return false;
-        }
-        return digitAtIndex(value, (value.charAt(index)=='.'?index+1:index));
-    }
-
-    private static boolean digitAtIndex(String value, int index){
-        if (index >= value.length()){
-            return false;
-        }
-        return value.charAt(index) >= '0' && value.charAt(index) <= '9';
-    }
 
     /**
      * Throw an exception if the object is a NaN or infinite number.
@@ -2660,7 +2598,31 @@ public class JSONObject {
         return wrap(object, null);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Wrap an object, if necessary. If the object is <code>null</code>, return the NULL
+     * object. If it is an array or collection, wrap it in a JSONArray. If it is
+     * a map, wrap it in a JSONObject. If it is a standard property (Double,
+     * String, et al) then it is already wrapped. Otherwise, if it comes from
+     * one of the java packages, turn it into a string. And if it doesn't, try
+     * to wrap it in a JSONObject. If the wrapping fails, then null is returned.
+     *
+     * @param object
+     *            The object to wrap
+     * @param recursionDepth
+     *            Variable for tracking the count of nested object creations.
+     * @param jsonParserConfiguration
+     *            Variable to pass parser custom configuration for json parsing.
+     * @return The wrapped value
+     */
+    static Object wrap(Object object, int recursionDepth, JSONParserConfiguration jsonParserConfiguration) {
+      return wrap(object, null, recursionDepth, jsonParserConfiguration);
+    }
+
     private static Object wrap(Object object, Set<Object> objectsRecord) {
+      return wrap(object, objectsRecord, 0, new JSONParserConfiguration());
+    }
+
+    private static Object wrap(Object object, Set<Object> objectsRecord, int recursionDepth, JSONParserConfiguration jsonParserConfiguration) {
         try {
             if (NULL.equals(object)) {
                 return NULL;
@@ -2678,14 +2640,14 @@ public class JSONObject {
 
             if (object instanceof Collection) {
                 Collection<?> coll = (Collection<?>) object;
-                return new JSONArray(coll);
+                return new JSONArray(coll, recursionDepth, jsonParserConfiguration);
             }
             if (object.getClass().isArray()) {
                 return new JSONArray(object);
             }
             if (object instanceof Map) {
                 Map<?, ?> map = (Map<?, ?>) object;
-                return new JSONObject(map);
+                return new JSONObject(map, recursionDepth, jsonParserConfiguration);
             }
             Package objectPackage = object.getClass().getPackage();
             String objectPackageName = objectPackage != null ? objectPackage
@@ -2922,23 +2884,5 @@ public class JSONObject {
         );
     }
 
-    /**
+
-     * For a prospective number, remove the leading zeros
-     * @param value prospective number
-     * @return number without leading zeros
-     */
-    private static String removeLeadingZerosOfNumber(String value){
-        if (value.equals("-")){return value;}
-        boolean negativeFirstChar = (value.charAt(0) == '-');
-        int counter = negativeFirstChar ? 1:0;
-        while (counter < value.length()){
-            if (value.charAt(counter) != '0'){
-                if (negativeFirstChar) {return "-".concat(value.substring(counter));}
-                return value.substring(counter);
-            }
-            ++counter;
-        }
-        if (negativeFirstChar) {return "-0";}
-        return "0";
-    }
 }

src/main/java/org/json/JSONParserConfiguration.java

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package org.json;
+
+/**
+ * Configuration object for the JSON parser. The configuration is immutable.
+ */
+public class JSONParserConfiguration extends ParserConfiguration {
+
+  /**
+   * Configuration with the default values.
+   */
+  public JSONParserConfiguration() {
+    super();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  protected JSONParserConfiguration clone() {
+    return new JSONParserConfiguration();
+  }
+
+  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+  @Override
+  public JSONParserConfiguration withMaxNestingDepth(final int maxNestingDepth) {
+    return super.withMaxNestingDepth(maxNestingDepth);
+  }
+
+}

src/main/java/org/json/NumberConversionUtil.java

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+package org.json;
+
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+
+class NumberConversionUtil {
+
+    /**
+     * Converts a string to a number using the narrowest possible type. Possible
+     * returns for this function are BigDecimal, Double, BigInteger, Long, and Integer.
+     * When a Double is returned, it should always be a valid Double and not NaN or +-infinity.
+     *
+     * @param input value to convert
+     * @return Number representation of the value.
+     * @throws NumberFormatException thrown if the value is not a valid number. A public
+     *      caller should catch this and wrap it in a {@link JSONException} if applicable.
+     */
+    static Number stringToNumber(final String input) throws NumberFormatException {
+        String val = input;
+        if (val.startsWith(".")){
+            val = "0"+val;
+        }
+        if (val.startsWith("-.")){
+            val = "-0."+val.substring(2);
+        }
+        char initial = val.charAt(0);
+        if ( isNumericChar(initial) || initial == '-' ) {
+            // decimal representation
+            if (isDecimalNotation(val)) {
+                // Use a BigDecimal all the time so we keep the original
+                // representation. BigDecimal doesn't support -0.0, ensure we
+                // keep that by forcing a decimal.
+                try {
+                    BigDecimal bd = new BigDecimal(val);
+                    if(initial == '-' && BigDecimal.ZERO.compareTo(bd)==0) {
+                        return Double.valueOf(-0.0);
+                    }
+                    return bd;
+                } catch (NumberFormatException retryAsDouble) {
+                    // this is to support "Hex Floats" like this: 0x1.0P-1074
+                    try {
+                        Double d = Double.valueOf(val);
+                        if(d.isNaN() || d.isInfinite()) {
+                            throw new NumberFormatException("val ["+input+"] is not a valid number.");
+                        }
+                        return d;
+                    } catch (NumberFormatException ignore) {
+                        throw new NumberFormatException("val ["+input+"] is not a valid number.");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            val = removeLeadingZerosOfNumber(input);
+            initial = val.charAt(0);
+            if(initial == '0' && val.length() > 1) {
+                char at1 = val.charAt(1);
+                if(isNumericChar(at1)) {
+                    throw new NumberFormatException("val ["+input+"] is not a valid number.");
+                }
+            } else if (initial == '-' && val.length() > 2) {
+                char at1 = val.charAt(1);
+                char at2 = val.charAt(2);
+                if(at1 == '0' && isNumericChar(at2)) {
+                    throw new NumberFormatException("val ["+input+"] is not a valid number.");
+                }
+            }
+            // integer representation.
+            // This will narrow any values to the smallest reasonable Object representation
+            // (Integer, Long, or BigInteger)
+
+            // BigInteger down conversion: We use a similar bitLength compare as
+            // BigInteger#intValueExact uses. Increases GC, but objects hold
+            // only what they need. i.e. Less runtime overhead if the value is
+            // long lived.
+            BigInteger bi = new BigInteger(val);
+            if(bi.bitLength() <= 31){
+                return Integer.valueOf(bi.intValue());
+            }
+            if(bi.bitLength() <= 63){
+                return Long.valueOf(bi.longValue());
+            }
+            return bi;
+        }
+        throw new NumberFormatException("val ["+input+"] is not a valid number.");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if the character is a numeric digit ('0' to '9').
+     *
+     * @param c The character to be checked.
+     * @return true if the character is a numeric digit, false otherwise.
+     */
+    private static boolean isNumericChar(char c) {
+        return (c <= '9' && c >= '0');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if the value could be considered a number in decimal number system.
+     * @param value
+     * @return
+     */
+    static boolean potentialNumber(String value){
+        if (value == null || value.isEmpty()){
+            return false;
+        }
+        return potentialPositiveNumberStartingAtIndex(value, (value.charAt(0)=='-'?1:0));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Tests if the value should be tried as a decimal. It makes no test if there are actual digits.
+     *
+     * @param val value to test
+     * @return true if the string is "-0" or if it contains '.', 'e', or 'E', false otherwise.
+     */
+    private static boolean isDecimalNotation(final String val) {
+        return val.indexOf('.') > -1 || val.indexOf('e') > -1
+                || val.indexOf('E') > -1 || "-0".equals(val);
+    }
+
+    private static boolean potentialPositiveNumberStartingAtIndex(String value,int index){
+        if (index >= value.length()){
+            return false;
+        }
+        return digitAtIndex(value, (value.charAt(index)=='.'?index+1:index));
+    }
+
+    private static boolean digitAtIndex(String value, int index){
+        if (index >= value.length()){
+            return false;
+        }
+        return value.charAt(index) >= '0' && value.charAt(index) <= '9';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * For a prospective number, remove the leading zeros
+     * @param value prospective number
+     * @return number without leading zeros
+     */
+    private static String removeLeadingZerosOfNumber(String value){
+        if (value.equals("-")){return value;}
+        boolean negativeFirstChar = (value.charAt(0) == '-');
+        int counter = negativeFirstChar ? 1:0;
+        while (counter < value.length()){
+            if (value.charAt(counter) != '0'){
+                if (negativeFirstChar) {return "-".concat(value.substring(counter));}
+                return value.substring(counter);
+            }
+            ++counter;
+        }
+        if (negativeFirstChar) {return "-0";}
+        return "0";
+    }
+}

src/main/java/org/json/ParserConfiguration.java

@@ -71,9 +71,11 @@ public class ParserConfiguration {
      *
      * @param newVal
      *      new value to use for the <code>keepStrings</code> configuration option.
-     *
+     * @param <T> the type of the configuration object
+     * 
      * @return The existing configuration will not be modified. A new configuration is returned.
      */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     public <T extends ParserConfiguration> T withKeepStrings(final boolean newVal) {
         T newConfig = (T)this.clone();
         newConfig.keepStrings = newVal;
@@ -96,8 +98,11 @@ public class ParserConfiguration {
      * Using any negative value as a parameter is equivalent to setting no limit to the nesting depth,
      * which means the parses will go as deep as the maximum call stack size allows.
      * @param maxNestingDepth the maximum nesting depth allowed to the XML parser
+     * @param <T> the type of the configuration object
+     * 
      * @return The existing configuration will not be modified. A new configuration is returned.
      */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     public <T extends ParserConfiguration> T withMaxNestingDepth(int maxNestingDepth) {
         T newConfig = (T)this.clone();
 

src/main/java/org/json/XML.java

@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ import java.math.BigDecimal;
 import java.math.BigInteger;
 import java.util.Iterator;
 
+import static org.json.NumberConversionUtil.potentialNumber;
+import static org.json.NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber;
+
 
 /**
  * This provides static methods to convert an XML text into a JSONObject, and to
@@ -428,6 +431,9 @@ public class XML {
                                             && jsonObject.opt(config.getcDataTagName()) != null) {
                                         context.accumulate(tagName, jsonObject.opt(config.getcDataTagName()));
                                     } else {
+                                        if (!config.shouldTrimWhiteSpace()) {
+                                            removeEmpty(jsonObject, config);
+                                        }
                                         context.accumulate(tagName, jsonObject);
                                     }
                                 }
@@ -442,6 +448,48 @@ public class XML {
             }
         }
     }
+    /**
+     * This method removes any JSON entry which has the key set by XMLParserConfiguration.cDataTagName
+     * and contains whitespace as this is caused by whitespace between tags. See test XMLTest.testNestedWithWhitespaceTrimmingDisabled.
+     * @param jsonObject JSONObject which may require deletion
+     * @param config The XMLParserConfiguration which includes the cDataTagName
+     */
+    private static void removeEmpty(final JSONObject jsonObject, final XMLParserConfiguration config) {
+        if (jsonObject.has(config.getcDataTagName()))  {
+            final Object s = jsonObject.get(config.getcDataTagName());
+            if (s instanceof String) {
+                if (isStringAllWhiteSpace(s.toString())) {
+                    jsonObject.remove(config.getcDataTagName());
+                }
+            }
+            else if (s instanceof JSONArray) {
+                final JSONArray sArray = (JSONArray) s;
+                for (int k = sArray.length()-1; k >= 0; k--){
+                    final Object eachString = sArray.get(k);
+                    if (eachString instanceof String) {
+                        String s1 = (String) eachString;
+                        if (isStringAllWhiteSpace(s1)) {
+                            sArray.remove(k);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                if (sArray.isEmpty()) {
+                    jsonObject.remove(config.getcDataTagName());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isStringAllWhiteSpace(final String s) {
+        for (int k = 0; k<s.length(); k++){
+            final char eachChar = s.charAt(k);
+            if (!Character.isWhitespace(eachChar)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
 
     /**
      * This method tries to convert the given string value to the target object
@@ -486,8 +534,7 @@ public class XML {
          * produced, then the value will just be a string.
          */
 
-        char initial = string.charAt(0);
+        if (potentialNumber(string)) {
-        if ((initial >= '0' && initial <= '9') || initial == '-') {
             try {
                 return stringToNumber(string);
             } catch (Exception ignore) {
@@ -496,76 +543,9 @@ public class XML {
         return string;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * direct copy of {@link JSONObject#stringToNumber(String)} to maintain Android support.
-     */
-    private static Number stringToNumber(final String val) throws NumberFormatException {
-        char initial = val.charAt(0);
-        if ((initial >= '0' && initial <= '9') || initial == '-') {
-            // decimal representation
-            if (isDecimalNotation(val)) {
-                // Use a BigDecimal all the time so we keep the original
-                // representation. BigDecimal doesn't support -0.0, ensure we
-                // keep that by forcing a decimal.
-                try {
-                    BigDecimal bd = new BigDecimal(val);
-                    if(initial == '-' && BigDecimal.ZERO.compareTo(bd)==0) {
-                        return Double.valueOf(-0.0);
-                    }
-                    return bd;
-                } catch (NumberFormatException retryAsDouble) {
-                    // this is to support "Hex Floats" like this: 0x1.0P-1074
-                    try {
-                        Double d = Double.valueOf(val);
-                        if(d.isNaN() || d.isInfinite()) {
-                            throw new NumberFormatException("val ["+val+"] is not a valid number.");
-                        }
-                        return d;
-                    } catch (NumberFormatException ignore) {
-                        throw new NumberFormatException("val ["+val+"] is not a valid number.");
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            // block items like 00 01 etc. Java number parsers treat these as Octal.
-            if(initial == '0' && val.length() > 1) {
-                char at1 = val.charAt(1);
-                if(at1 >= '0' && at1 <= '9') {
-                    throw new NumberFormatException("val ["+val+"] is not a valid number.");
-                }
-            } else if (initial == '-' && val.length() > 2) {
-                char at1 = val.charAt(1);
-                char at2 = val.charAt(2);
-                if(at1 == '0' && at2 >= '0' && at2 <= '9') {
-                    throw new NumberFormatException("val ["+val+"] is not a valid number.");
-                }
-            }
-            // integer representation.
-            // This will narrow any values to the smallest reasonable Object representation
-            // (Integer, Long, or BigInteger)
 
-            // BigInteger down conversion: We use a similar bitLength compare as
-            // BigInteger#intValueExact uses. Increases GC, but objects hold
-            // only what they need. i.e. Less runtime overhead if the value is
-            // long lived.
-            BigInteger bi = new BigInteger(val);
-            if(bi.bitLength() <= 31){
-                return Integer.valueOf(bi.intValue());
-            }
-            if(bi.bitLength() <= 63){
-                return Long.valueOf(bi.longValue());
-            }
-            return bi;
-        }
-        throw new NumberFormatException("val ["+val+"] is not a valid number.");
-    }
 
-    /**
+
-     * direct copy of {@link JSONObject#isDecimalNotation(String)} to maintain Android support.
-     */
-    private static boolean isDecimalNotation(final String val) {
-        return val.indexOf('.') > -1 || val.indexOf('e') > -1
-                || val.indexOf('E') > -1 || "-0".equals(val);
-    }
 
 
     /**
@@ -659,7 +639,7 @@ public class XML {
      */
     public static JSONObject toJSONObject(Reader reader, XMLParserConfiguration config) throws JSONException {
         JSONObject jo = new JSONObject();
-        XMLTokener x = new XMLTokener(reader);
+        XMLTokener x = new XMLTokener(reader, config);
         while (x.more()) {
             x.skipPast("<");
             if(x.more()) {
@@ -850,12 +830,25 @@ public class XML {
                         }
                     }
                 } else if ("".equals(value)) {
-                    sb.append(indent(indent));
+                    if (config.isCloseEmptyTag()){
-                    sb.append('<');
+                        sb.append(indent(indent));
-                    sb.append(key);
+                        sb.append('<');
-                    sb.append("/>");
+                        sb.append(key);
-                    if(indentFactor > 0){
+                        sb.append(">");
-                        sb.append("\n");
+                        sb.append("</");
+                        sb.append(key);
+                        sb.append(">");
+                        if (indentFactor > 0) {
+                            sb.append("\n");
+                        }
+                    }else {
+                        sb.append(indent(indent));
+                        sb.append('<');
+                        sb.append(key);
+                        sb.append("/>");
+                        if (indentFactor > 0) {
+                            sb.append("\n");
+                        }
                     }
 
                     // Emit a new tag <k>
@@ -899,14 +892,14 @@ public class XML {
 
 
         string = (object == null) ? "null" : escape(object.toString());
-
+        String indentationSuffix = (indentFactor > 0) ? "\n" : "";
         if(tagName == null){
-            return indent(indent) + "\"" + string + "\"" + ((indentFactor > 0) ? "\n" : "");
+            return indent(indent) + "\"" + string + "\"" + indentationSuffix;
         } else if(string.length() == 0){
-            return indent(indent) + "<" + tagName + "/>" + ((indentFactor > 0) ? "\n" : "");
+            return indent(indent) + "<" + tagName + "/>" + indentationSuffix;
         } else {
             return indent(indent) + "<" + tagName
-                    + ">" + string + "</" + tagName + ">" + ((indentFactor > 0) ? "\n" : "");
+                    + ">" + string + "</" + tagName + ">" + indentationSuffix;
         }
     }
 
@@ -973,4 +966,5 @@ public class XML {
         }
         return sb.toString();
     }
+
 }

src/main/java/org/json/XMLParserConfiguration.java

@@ -43,6 +43,13 @@ public class XMLParserConfiguration extends ParserConfiguration {
      */
     private boolean convertNilAttributeToNull;
 
+    /**
+     * When creating an XML from JSON Object, an empty tag by default will self-close.
+     * If it has to be closed explicitly, with empty content between start and end tag,
+     * this flag is to be turned on.
+     */
+    private boolean closeEmptyTag;
+
     /**
      * This will allow type conversion for values in XML if xsi:type attribute is defined
      */
@@ -54,9 +61,18 @@ public class XMLParserConfiguration extends ParserConfiguration {
      */
     private Set<String> forceList;
 
+
+    /**
+     * Flag to indicate whether white space should be trimmed when parsing XML.
+     * The default behaviour is to trim white space. When this is set to false, inputting XML
+     * with tags that are the same as the value of cDataTagName is unsupported. It is recommended to set cDataTagName
+     * to a distinct value in this case.
+     */
+    private boolean shouldTrimWhiteSpace;
+
     /**
      * Default parser configuration. Does not keep strings (tries to implicitly convert
-     * values), and the CDATA Tag Name is "content".
+     * values), and the CDATA Tag Name is "content". Trims whitespace.
      */
     public XMLParserConfiguration () {
         super();
@@ -64,6 +80,7 @@ public class XMLParserConfiguration extends ParserConfiguration {
         this.convertNilAttributeToNull = false;
         this.xsiTypeMap = Collections.emptyMap();
         this.forceList = Collections.emptySet();
+        this.shouldTrimWhiteSpace = true;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -142,15 +159,17 @@ public class XMLParserConfiguration extends ParserConfiguration {
      *                   xsi:type="integer" as integer,  xsi:type="string" as string
      * @param forceList  <code>new HashSet<String>()</code> to parse the provided tags' values as arrays
      * @param maxNestingDepth <code>int</code> to limit the nesting depth
+     * @param closeEmptyTag <code>boolean</code> to turn on explicit end tag for tag with empty value
      */
     private XMLParserConfiguration (final boolean keepStrings, final String cDataTagName,
             final boolean convertNilAttributeToNull, final Map<String, XMLXsiTypeConverter<?>> xsiTypeMap, final Set<String> forceList,
-            final int maxNestingDepth) {
+            final int maxNestingDepth, final boolean closeEmptyTag) {
         super(keepStrings, maxNestingDepth);
         this.cDataTagName = cDataTagName;
         this.convertNilAttributeToNull = convertNilAttributeToNull;
         this.xsiTypeMap = Collections.unmodifiableMap(xsiTypeMap);
         this.forceList = Collections.unmodifiableSet(forceList);
+        this.closeEmptyTag = closeEmptyTag;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -163,14 +182,17 @@ public class XMLParserConfiguration extends ParserConfiguration {
         // item, a new map instance should be created and if possible each value in the
         // map should be cloned as well. If the values of the map are known to also
         // be immutable, then a shallow clone of the map is acceptable.
-        return new XMLParserConfiguration(
+        final XMLParserConfiguration config = new XMLParserConfiguration(
                 this.keepStrings,
                 this.cDataTagName,
                 this.convertNilAttributeToNull,
                 this.xsiTypeMap,
                 this.forceList,
-                this.maxNestingDepth
+                this.maxNestingDepth,
+                this.closeEmptyTag
         );
+        config.shouldTrimWhiteSpace = this.shouldTrimWhiteSpace;
+        return config;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -182,6 +204,7 @@ public class XMLParserConfiguration extends ParserConfiguration {
      *
      * @return The existing configuration will not be modified. A new configuration is returned.
      */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     @Override
     public XMLParserConfiguration withKeepStrings(final boolean newVal) {
         return super.withKeepStrings(newVal);
@@ -299,8 +322,40 @@ public class XMLParserConfiguration extends ParserConfiguration {
      * @param maxNestingDepth the maximum nesting depth allowed to the XML parser
      * @return The existing configuration will not be modified. A new configuration is returned.
      */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     @Override
     public XMLParserConfiguration withMaxNestingDepth(int maxNestingDepth) {
         return super.withMaxNestingDepth(maxNestingDepth);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * To enable explicit end tag with empty value.
+     * @param closeEmptyTag new value for the closeEmptyTag property
+     * @return same instance of configuration with empty tag config updated
+     */
+    public XMLParserConfiguration withCloseEmptyTag(boolean closeEmptyTag){
+        XMLParserConfiguration clonedConfiguration = this.clone();
+        clonedConfiguration.closeEmptyTag = closeEmptyTag;
+        return clonedConfiguration;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets whether whitespace should be trimmed inside of tags. *NOTE* Do not use this if
+     * you expect your XML tags to have names that are the same as cDataTagName as this is unsupported.
+     * cDataTagName should be set to a distinct value in these cases.
+     * @param shouldTrimWhiteSpace boolean to set trimming on or off. Off is default.
+     * @return same instance of configuration with empty tag config updated
+     */
+    public XMLParserConfiguration withShouldTrimWhitespace(boolean shouldTrimWhiteSpace){
+        XMLParserConfiguration clonedConfiguration = this.clone();
+        clonedConfiguration.shouldTrimWhiteSpace = shouldTrimWhiteSpace;
+        return clonedConfiguration;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isCloseEmptyTag() {
+        return this.closeEmptyTag;
+    }
+    public boolean shouldTrimWhiteSpace() {
+        return this.shouldTrimWhiteSpace;
+    }
 }

src/main/java/org/json/XMLTokener.java

@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ public class XMLTokener extends JSONTokener {
     */
    public static final java.util.HashMap<String, Character> entity;
 
+   private XMLParserConfiguration configuration = XMLParserConfiguration.ORIGINAL;
+
    static {
        entity = new java.util.HashMap<String, Character>(8);
        entity.put("amp",  XML.AMP);
@@ -45,6 +47,16 @@ public class XMLTokener extends JSONTokener {
         super(s);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Construct an XMLTokener from a Reader and an XMLParserConfiguration.
+     * @param r A source reader.
+     * @param configuration the configuration that can be used to set certain flags
+     */
+    public XMLTokener(Reader r, XMLParserConfiguration configuration) {
+        super(r);
+        this.configuration = configuration;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Get the text in the CDATA block.
      * @return The string up to the <code>]]&gt;</code>.
@@ -83,7 +95,7 @@ public class XMLTokener extends JSONTokener {
         StringBuilder sb;
         do {
             c = next();
-        } while (Character.isWhitespace(c));
+        } while (Character.isWhitespace(c) && configuration.shouldTrimWhiteSpace());
         if (c == 0) {
             return null;
         }
@@ -97,7 +109,9 @@ public class XMLTokener extends JSONTokener {
             }
             if (c == '<') {
                 back();
-                return sb.toString().trim();
+                if (configuration.shouldTrimWhiteSpace()) {
+                    return sb.toString().trim();
+                } else return sb.toString();
             }
             if (c == '&') {
                 sb.append(nextEntity(c));

src/test/java/org/json/NumberConversionUtilTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+package org.json;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.*;
+
+public class NumberConversionUtilTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldParseDecimalFractionNumbersWithMultipleLeadingZeros(){
+        Number number = NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber("00.10d");
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  0.10d, number.doubleValue(),0.0d);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  0.10f, number.floatValue(),0.0f);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  0, number.longValue(),0);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  0, number.intValue(),0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldParseDecimalFractionNumbersWithSingleLeadingZero(){
+        Number number = NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber("0.10d");
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  0.10d, number.doubleValue(),0.0d);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  0.10f, number.floatValue(),0.0f);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  0, number.longValue(),0);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  0, number.intValue(),0);
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldParseDecimalFractionNumbersWithZerosAfterDecimalPoint(){
+        Number number = NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber("0.010d");
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  0.010d, number.doubleValue(),0.0d);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  0.010f, number.floatValue(),0.0f);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  0, number.longValue(),0);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  0, number.intValue(),0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldParseMixedDecimalFractionNumbersWithMultipleLeadingZeros(){
+        Number number = NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber("00200.10d");
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  200.10d, number.doubleValue(),0.0d);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  200.10f, number.floatValue(),0.0f);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  200, number.longValue(),0);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  200, number.intValue(),0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldParseMixedDecimalFractionNumbersWithoutLeadingZero(){
+        Number number = NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber("200.10d");
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  200.10d, number.doubleValue(),0.0d);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  200.10f, number.floatValue(),0.0f);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  200, number.longValue(),0);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  200, number.intValue(),0);
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldParseMixedDecimalFractionNumbersWithZerosAfterDecimalPoint(){
+        Number number = NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber("200.010d");
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  200.010d, number.doubleValue(),0.0d);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  200.010f, number.floatValue(),0.0f);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  200, number.longValue(),0);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  200, number.intValue(),0);
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldParseNegativeDecimalFractionNumbersWithMultipleLeadingZeros(){
+        Number number = NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber("-00.10d");
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -0.10d, number.doubleValue(),0.0d);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -0.10f, number.floatValue(),0.0f);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -0, number.longValue(),0);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -0, number.intValue(),0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldParseNegativeDecimalFractionNumbersWithSingleLeadingZero(){
+        Number number = NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber("-0.10d");
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -0.10d, number.doubleValue(),0.0d);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -0.10f, number.floatValue(),0.0f);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -0, number.longValue(),0);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -0, number.intValue(),0);
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldParseNegativeDecimalFractionNumbersWithZerosAfterDecimalPoint(){
+        Number number = NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber("-0.010d");
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -0.010d, number.doubleValue(),0.0d);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -0.010f, number.floatValue(),0.0f);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -0, number.longValue(),0);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -0, number.intValue(),0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldParseNegativeMixedDecimalFractionNumbersWithMultipleLeadingZeros(){
+        Number number = NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber("-00200.10d");
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -200.10d, number.doubleValue(),0.0d);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -200.10f, number.floatValue(),0.0f);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -200, number.longValue(),0);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -200, number.intValue(),0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldParseNegativeMixedDecimalFractionNumbersWithoutLeadingZero(){
+        Number number = NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber("-200.10d");
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -200.10d, number.doubleValue(),0.0d);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -200.10f, number.floatValue(),0.0f);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -200, number.longValue(),0);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -200, number.intValue(),0);
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldParseNegativeMixedDecimalFractionNumbersWithZerosAfterDecimalPoint(){
+        Number number = NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber("-200.010d");
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -200.010d, number.doubleValue(),0.0d);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -200.010f, number.floatValue(),0.0f);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -200, number.longValue(),0);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -200, number.intValue(),0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldParseNumbersWithExponents(){
+        Number number = NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber("23.45e7");
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  23.45e7d, number.doubleValue(),0.0d);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  23.45e7f, number.floatValue(),0.0f);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  2.345E8, number.longValue(),0);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  2.345E8, number.intValue(),0);
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldParseNegativeNumbersWithExponents(){
+        Number number = NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber("-23.45e7");
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -23.45e7d, number.doubleValue(),0.0d);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -23.45e7f, number.floatValue(),0.0f);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -2.345E8, number.longValue(),0);
+        assertEquals("Do not match",  -2.345E8, number.intValue(),0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldParseBigDecimal(){
+        Number number = NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber("19007199254740993.35481234487103587486413587843213584");
+        assertTrue(number instanceof BigDecimal);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldParseBigInteger(){
+        Number number = NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber("1900719925474099335481234487103587486413587843213584");
+        assertTrue(number instanceof BigInteger);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldIdentifyPotentialNumber(){
+        assertTrue("Does not identify as number", NumberConversionUtil.potentialNumber("112.123"));
+        assertTrue("Does not identify as number", NumberConversionUtil.potentialNumber("112e123"));
+        assertTrue("Does not identify as number", NumberConversionUtil.potentialNumber("-112.123"));
+        assertTrue("Does not identify as number", NumberConversionUtil.potentialNumber("-112e23"));
+        assertFalse("Does not identify as not number", NumberConversionUtil.potentialNumber("--112.123"));
+        assertFalse("Does not identify as not number", NumberConversionUtil.potentialNumber("-a112.123"));
+        assertFalse("Does not identify as not number", NumberConversionUtil.potentialNumber("a112.123"));
+        assertFalse("Does not identify as not number", NumberConversionUtil.potentialNumber("e112.123"));
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = NumberFormatException.class)
+    public void shouldExpectExceptionWhenNumberIsNotFormatted(){
+        NumberConversionUtil.stringToNumber("112.aa123");
+    }
+
+
+}

src/test/java/org/json/junit/JSONArrayTest.java

@@ -28,10 +28,13 @@ import java.util.Map;
 import org.json.JSONArray;
 import org.json.JSONException;
 import org.json.JSONObject;
+import org.json.JSONParserConfiguration;
 import org.json.JSONPointerException;
 import org.json.JSONString;
 import org.json.JSONTokener;
+import org.json.ParserConfiguration;
 import org.json.junit.data.MyJsonString;
+import org.junit.Ignore;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
 import com.jayway.jsonpath.Configuration;
@@ -1384,6 +1387,7 @@ public class JSONArrayTest {
     /**
     * Tests for stack overflow. See https://github.com/stleary/JSON-java/issues/654
     */
+    @Ignore("This test relies on system constraints and may not always pass. See: https://github.com/stleary/JSON-java/issues/821")
     @Test(expected = JSONException.class)
     public void issue654StackOverflowInputWellFormed() {
         //String input = new String(java.util.Base64.getDecoder().decode(base64Bytes));
@@ -1391,7 +1395,7 @@ public class JSONArrayTest {
         JSONTokener tokener = new JSONTokener(resourceAsStream);
         JSONArray json_input = new JSONArray(tokener);
         assertNotNull(json_input);
-        fail("Excepected Exception.");
+        fail("Excepected Exception due to stack overflow.");
         Util.checkJSONArrayMaps(json_input);
     }
 
@@ -1415,4 +1419,92 @@ public class JSONArrayTest {
                 .put(2);
         assertFalse(ja1.similar(ja3));
     }
+
+    @Test(expected = JSONException.class)
+    public void testRecursiveDepth() {
+      HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
+      map.put("t", map);
+      new JSONArray().put(map);
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = JSONException.class)
+    public void testRecursiveDepthAtPosition() {
+      HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
+      map.put("t", map);
+      new JSONArray().put(0, map);
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = JSONException.class)
+    public void testRecursiveDepthArray() {
+      ArrayList<Object> array = new ArrayList<>();
+      array.add(array);
+      new JSONArray(array);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRecursiveDepthAtPositionDefaultObject() {
+        HashMap<String, Object> map = JSONObjectTest.buildNestedMap(ParserConfiguration.DEFAULT_MAXIMUM_NESTING_DEPTH);
+        new JSONArray().put(0, map);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRecursiveDepthAtPosition1000Object() {
+        HashMap<String, Object> map = JSONObjectTest.buildNestedMap(1000);
+        new JSONArray().put(0, map, new JSONParserConfiguration().withMaxNestingDepth(1000));
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = JSONException.class)
+    public void testRecursiveDepthAtPosition1001Object() {
+        HashMap<String, Object> map = JSONObjectTest.buildNestedMap(1001);
+        new JSONArray().put(0, map);
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = JSONException.class)
+    public void testRecursiveDepthArrayLimitedMaps() {
+        ArrayList<Object> array = new ArrayList<>();
+        array.add(array);
+        new JSONArray(array);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRecursiveDepthArrayForDefaultLevels() {
+        ArrayList<Object> array = buildNestedArray(ParserConfiguration.DEFAULT_MAXIMUM_NESTING_DEPTH);
+        new JSONArray(array, new JSONParserConfiguration());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRecursiveDepthArrayFor1000Levels() {
+        try {
+            ArrayList<Object> array = buildNestedArray(1000);
+            JSONParserConfiguration parserConfiguration = new JSONParserConfiguration().withMaxNestingDepth(1000);
+            new JSONArray(array, parserConfiguration);
+        } catch (StackOverflowError e) {
+            String javaVersion = System.getProperty("java.version");
+            if (javaVersion.startsWith("11.")) {
+                System.out.println(
+                        "testRecursiveDepthArrayFor1000Levels() allowing intermittent stackoverflow, Java Version: "
+                                + javaVersion);
+            } else {
+                String errorStr = "testRecursiveDepthArrayFor1000Levels() unexpected stackoverflow, Java Version: "
+                        + javaVersion;
+                System.out.println(errorStr);
+                throw new RuntimeException(errorStr);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = JSONException.class)
+    public void testRecursiveDepthArrayFor1001Levels() {
+        ArrayList<Object> array = buildNestedArray(1001);
+        new JSONArray(array);
+    }
+
+    public static ArrayList<Object> buildNestedArray(int maxDepth) {
+        if (maxDepth <= 0) {
+            return new ArrayList<>();
+        }
+        ArrayList<Object> nestedArray = new ArrayList<>();
+        nestedArray.add(buildNestedArray(maxDepth - 1));
+        return nestedArray;
+    }
 }

src/test/java/org/json/junit/JSONMLTest.java

@@ -709,7 +709,7 @@ public class JSONMLTest {
     @Test
     public void testToJSONArray_jsonOutput() {
         final String originalXml = "<root><id>01</id><id>1</id><id>00</id><id>0</id><item id=\"01\"/><title>True</title></root>";
-        final String expectedJsonString = "[\"root\",[\"id\",\"01\"],[\"id\",1],[\"id\",\"00\"],[\"id\",0],[\"item\",{\"id\":\"01\"}],[\"title\",true]]";
+        final String expectedJsonString = "[\"root\",[\"id\",1],[\"id\",1],[\"id\",0],[\"id\",0],[\"item\",{\"id\":1}],[\"title\",true]]";
         final JSONArray actualJsonOutput = JSONML.toJSONArray(originalXml, false);
         assertEquals(expectedJsonString, actualJsonOutput.toString());
     }
@@ -762,8 +762,8 @@ public class JSONMLTest {
         final String xml = JSONML.toString(originalObject);
         final JSONObject revertedObject = JSONML.toJSONObject(xml, false);
         final String newJson = revertedObject.toString();
-        assertTrue("JSON Objects are not similar",originalObject.similar(revertedObject));
+        assertTrue("JSON Objects are not similar", originalObject.similar(revertedObject));
-        assertEquals("original JSON does not equal the new JSON",originalJson, newJson);
+        assertTrue("JSON Strings are not similar", new JSONObject(originalJson).similar(new JSONObject(newJson)));
     }
 
 // these tests do not pass for the following reasons:

src/test/java/org/json/junit/JSONObjectTest.java

@@ -32,8 +32,10 @@ import org.json.JSONArray;
 import org.json.JSONException;
 import org.json.JSONObject;
 import org.json.JSONPointerException;
+import org.json.JSONParserConfiguration;
 import org.json.JSONString;
 import org.json.JSONTokener;
+import org.json.ParserConfiguration;
 import org.json.XML;
 import org.json.junit.data.BrokenToString;
 import org.json.junit.data.ExceptionalBean;
@@ -55,6 +57,7 @@ import org.json.junit.data.RecursiveBeanEquals;
 import org.json.junit.data.Singleton;
 import org.json.junit.data.SingletonEnum;
 import org.json.junit.data.WeirdList;
+import org.junit.Ignore;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
 import com.jayway.jsonpath.Configuration;
@@ -2095,7 +2098,9 @@ public class JSONObjectTest {
              "}";
         JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(jsonObjectStr);
         assertTrue("jsonObject valueToString() incorrect",
-                JSONObject.valueToString(jsonObject).equals(jsonObject.toString()));
+            new JSONObject(JSONObject.valueToString(jsonObject))
+                .similar(new JSONObject(jsonObject.toString()))
+            );
         String jsonArrayStr = 
             "[1,2,3]";
         JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(jsonArrayStr);
@@ -2106,7 +2111,8 @@ public class JSONObjectTest {
         map.put("key2", "val2");
         map.put("key3", "val3");
         assertTrue("map valueToString() incorrect",
-                jsonObject.toString().equals(JSONObject.valueToString(map))); 
+         new JSONObject(jsonObject.toString())
+         .similar(new JSONObject(JSONObject.valueToString(map))));
         Collection<Integer> collection = new ArrayList<Integer>();
         collection.add(Integer.valueOf(1));
         collection.add(Integer.valueOf(2));
@@ -3662,6 +3668,7 @@ public class JSONObjectTest {
     /**
     * Tests for stack overflow. See https://github.com/stleary/JSON-java/issues/654
     */
+    @Ignore("This test relies on system constraints and may not always pass. See: https://github.com/stleary/JSON-java/issues/821")
     @Test(expected = JSONException.class)
     public void issue654StackOverflowInputWellFormed() {
         //String input = new String(java.util.Base64.getDecoder().decode(base64Bytes));
@@ -3669,7 +3676,7 @@ public class JSONObjectTest {
         JSONTokener tokener = new JSONTokener(resourceAsStream);
         JSONObject json_input = new JSONObject(tokener);
         assertNotNull(json_input);
-        fail("Excepected Exception.");
+        fail("Excepected Exception due to stack overflow.");
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -3713,4 +3720,101 @@ public class JSONObjectTest {
             assertThrows(JSONException.class, () -> new JSONObject(bean));
         }
     }
+
+    @Test(expected = JSONException.class)
+    public void issue743SerializationMap() {
+      HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
+      map.put("t", map);
+      JSONObject object = new JSONObject(map);
+      String jsonString = object.toString();
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = JSONException.class)
+    public void testCircularReferenceMultipleLevel() {
+      HashMap<String, Object> inside = new HashMap<>();
+      HashMap<String, Object> jsonObject = new HashMap<>();
+      inside.put("inside", jsonObject);
+      jsonObject.put("test", inside);
+      new JSONObject(jsonObject);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void issue743SerializationMapWith512Objects() {
+        HashMap<String, Object> map  = buildNestedMap(ParserConfiguration.DEFAULT_MAXIMUM_NESTING_DEPTH);
+        JSONObject object = new JSONObject(map);
+        String jsonString = object.toString();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void issue743SerializationMapWith1000Objects() {
+      HashMap<String, Object> map  = buildNestedMap(1000);
+      JSONParserConfiguration parserConfiguration = new JSONParserConfiguration().withMaxNestingDepth(1000);
+      JSONObject object = new JSONObject(map, parserConfiguration);
+      String jsonString = object.toString();
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = JSONException.class)
+    public void issue743SerializationMapWith1001Objects() {
+        HashMap<String, Object> map  = buildNestedMap(1001);
+        JSONObject object = new JSONObject(map);
+        String jsonString = object.toString();
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = JSONException.class)
+    public void testCircleReferenceFirstLevel() {
+        Map<Object, Object> jsonObject = new HashMap<>();
+
+        jsonObject.put("test", jsonObject);
+
+        new JSONObject(jsonObject, new JSONParserConfiguration());
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = StackOverflowError.class)
+    public void testCircleReferenceMultiplyLevel_notConfigured_expectedStackOverflow() {
+        Map<Object, Object> inside = new HashMap<>();
+
+        Map<Object, Object> jsonObject = new HashMap<>();
+        inside.put("test", jsonObject);
+        jsonObject.put("test", inside);
+
+        new JSONObject(jsonObject, new JSONParserConfiguration().withMaxNestingDepth(99999));
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = JSONException.class)
+    public void testCircleReferenceMultiplyLevel_configured_expectedJSONException() {
+        Map<Object, Object> inside = new HashMap<>();
+
+        Map<Object, Object> jsonObject = new HashMap<>();
+        inside.put("test", jsonObject);
+        jsonObject.put("test", inside);
+
+        new JSONObject(jsonObject, new JSONParserConfiguration());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDifferentKeySameInstanceNotACircleReference() {
+        Map<Object, Object> map1 = new HashMap<>();
+        Map<Object, Object> map2 = new HashMap<>();
+
+        map1.put("test1", map2);
+        map1.put("test2", map2);
+
+        new JSONObject(map1);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Method to build nested map of max maxDepth
+     *
+     * @param maxDepth
+     * @return
+     */
+    public static HashMap<String, Object> buildNestedMap(int maxDepth) {
+        if (maxDepth <= 0) {
+            return new HashMap<>();
+        }
+        HashMap<String, Object> nestedMap = new HashMap<>();
+        nestedMap.put("t", buildNestedMap(maxDepth - 1));
+        return nestedMap;
+    }
+
 }

src/test/java/org/json/junit/XMLConfigurationTest.java

@@ -4,11 +4,6 @@ package org.json.junit;
 Public Domain.
 */
 
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotEquals;
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
-import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
-
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileReader;
 import java.io.FileWriter;
@@ -27,6 +22,8 @@ import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.rules.TemporaryFolder;
 
+import static org.junit.Assert.*;
+
 
 /**
  * Tests for JSON-Java XML.java with XMLParserConfiguration.java
@@ -557,6 +554,37 @@ public class XMLConfigurationTest {
         assertEquals(actualXML, resultXML);
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void shouldHandleEmptyNodeValue()
+    {
+        JSONObject inputJSON = new JSONObject();
+        inputJSON.put("Emptyness", "");
+        String expectedXmlWithoutExplicitEndTag = "<Emptyness/>";
+        String expectedXmlWithExplicitEndTag = "<Emptyness></Emptyness>";
+        assertEquals(expectedXmlWithoutExplicitEndTag, XML.toString(inputJSON, null,
+                new XMLParserConfiguration().withCloseEmptyTag(false)));
+        assertEquals(expectedXmlWithExplicitEndTag, XML.toString(inputJSON, null,
+                new XMLParserConfiguration().withCloseEmptyTag(true)));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldKeepConfigurationIntactAndUpdateCloseEmptyTagChoice()
+    {
+        XMLParserConfiguration keepStrings = XMLParserConfiguration.KEEP_STRINGS;
+        XMLParserConfiguration keepStringsAndCloseEmptyTag = keepStrings.withCloseEmptyTag(true);
+        XMLParserConfiguration keepDigits = keepStringsAndCloseEmptyTag.withKeepStrings(false);
+        XMLParserConfiguration keepDigitsAndNoCloseEmptyTag = keepDigits.withCloseEmptyTag(false);
+        assertTrue(keepStrings.isKeepStrings());
+        assertFalse(keepStrings.isCloseEmptyTag());
+        assertTrue(keepStringsAndCloseEmptyTag.isKeepStrings());
+        assertTrue(keepStringsAndCloseEmptyTag.isCloseEmptyTag());
+        assertFalse(keepDigits.isKeepStrings());
+        assertTrue(keepDigits.isCloseEmptyTag());
+        assertFalse(keepDigitsAndNoCloseEmptyTag.isKeepStrings());
+        assertFalse(keepDigitsAndNoCloseEmptyTag.isCloseEmptyTag());
+
+    }
+
     /**
      * Investigate exactly how the "content" keyword works
      */
@@ -733,7 +761,7 @@ public class XMLConfigurationTest {
     @Test
     public void testToJSONArray_jsonOutput() {
         final String originalXml = "<root><id>01</id><id>1</id><id>00</id><id>0</id><item id=\"01\"/><title>True</title></root>";
-        final JSONObject expected = new JSONObject("{\"root\":{\"item\":{\"id\":\"01\"},\"id\":[\"01\",1,\"00\",0],\"title\":true}}");
+        final JSONObject expected = new JSONObject("{\"root\":{\"item\":{\"id\":1},\"id\":[1,1,0,0],\"title\":true}}");
         final JSONObject actualJsonOutput = XML.toJSONObject(originalXml, 
                 new XMLParserConfiguration().withKeepStrings(false));
         Util.compareActualVsExpectedJsonObjects(actualJsonOutput,expected);
@@ -1153,4 +1181,4 @@ public class XMLConfigurationTest {
             assertTrue("Error: " +e.getMessage(), false);
         }
     }
-}
+}

src/test/java/org/json/junit/XMLTest.java

@@ -791,7 +791,7 @@ public class XMLTest {
     @Test
     public void testToJSONArray_jsonOutput() {
         final String originalXml = "<root><id>01</id><id>1</id><id>00</id><id>0</id><item id=\"01\"/><title>True</title></root>";
-        final JSONObject expectedJson = new JSONObject("{\"root\":{\"item\":{\"id\":\"01\"},\"id\":[\"01\",1,\"00\",0],\"title\":true}}");
+        final JSONObject expectedJson = new JSONObject("{\"root\":{\"item\":{\"id\":1},\"id\":[1,1,0,0],\"title\":true}}");
         final JSONObject actualJsonOutput = XML.toJSONObject(originalXml, false);
 
         Util.compareActualVsExpectedJsonObjects(actualJsonOutput,expectedJson);
@@ -1177,6 +1177,30 @@ public class XMLTest {
 
 
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldCreateExplicitEndTagWithEmptyValueWhenConfigured(){
+        String jsonString = "{outer:{innerOne:\"\", innerTwo:\"two\"}}";
+        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(jsonString);
+        String expectedXmlString = "<encloser><outer><innerOne></innerOne><innerTwo>two</innerTwo></outer></encloser>";
+        String xmlForm = XML.toString(jsonObject,"encloser", new XMLParserConfiguration().withCloseEmptyTag(true));
+        JSONObject actualJsonObject = XML.toJSONObject(xmlForm);
+        JSONObject expectedJsonObject = XML.toJSONObject(expectedXmlString);
+        assertTrue(expectedJsonObject.similar(actualJsonObject));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldNotCreateExplicitEndTagWithEmptyValueWhenNotConfigured(){
+        String jsonString = "{outer:{innerOne:\"\", innerTwo:\"two\"}}";
+        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(jsonString);
+        String expectedXmlString = "<encloser><outer><innerOne/><innerTwo>two</innerTwo></outer></encloser>";
+        String xmlForm = XML.toString(jsonObject,"encloser", new XMLParserConfiguration().withCloseEmptyTag(false));
+        JSONObject actualJsonObject = XML.toJSONObject(xmlForm);
+        JSONObject expectedJsonObject = XML.toJSONObject(expectedXmlString);
+        assertTrue(expectedJsonObject.similar(actualJsonObject));
+    }
+
+
     @Test
     public void testIndentSimpleJsonObject(){
         String str = "{    \"employee\": {  \n" +
@@ -1234,7 +1258,7 @@ public class XMLTest {
                 for (int numRead; (numRead = in.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length)) > 0; ) {
                     expected.append(buffer, 0, numRead);
                 }
-                assertEquals(expected.toString(), actualString);
+                assertTrue(XML.toJSONObject(expected.toString()).similar(XML.toJSONObject(actualString)));
             }
         } catch (IOException e) {
             fail("file writer error: " +e.getMessage());
@@ -1299,6 +1323,80 @@ public class XMLTest {
                 "parameter of the XMLParserConfiguration used");
         }
     }
+    @Test
+    public void testWithWhitespaceTrimmingDisabled() {
+        String originalXml = "<testXml> Test Whitespace String \t </testXml>";
+
+        JSONObject actualJson = XML.toJSONObject(originalXml, new XMLParserConfiguration().withShouldTrimWhitespace(false));
+        String expectedJsonString = "{\"testXml\":\" Test Whitespace String \t \"}";
+        JSONObject expectedJson = new JSONObject(expectedJsonString);
+        Util.compareActualVsExpectedJsonObjects(actualJson,expectedJson);
+    }
+    @Test
+    public void testNestedWithWhitespaceTrimmingDisabled() {
+        String originalXml =
+                "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n"+
+                        "<addresses>\n"+
+                        "   <address>\n"+
+                        "      <name> Sherlock Holmes </name>\n"+
+                        "   </address>\n"+
+                        "</addresses>";
+
+        JSONObject actualJson = XML.toJSONObject(originalXml, new XMLParserConfiguration().withShouldTrimWhitespace(false));
+        String expectedJsonString = "{\"addresses\":{\"address\":{\"name\":\" Sherlock Holmes \"}}}";
+        JSONObject expectedJson = new JSONObject(expectedJsonString);
+        Util.compareActualVsExpectedJsonObjects(actualJson,expectedJson);
+    }
+    @Test
+    public void shouldTrimWhitespaceDoesNotSupportTagsEqualingCDataTagName() {
+    // When using withShouldTrimWhitespace = true, input containing tags with same name as cDataTagName is unsupported and should not be used in conjunction
+        String originalXml =
+                "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n"+
+                        "<addresses>\n"+
+                        "   <address>\n"+
+                        "      <content> Sherlock Holmes </content>\n"+
+                        "   </address>\n"+
+                        "</addresses>";
+
+        JSONObject actualJson = XML.toJSONObject(originalXml, new XMLParserConfiguration().withShouldTrimWhitespace(false).withcDataTagName("content"));
+        String expectedJsonString = "{\"addresses\":{\"address\":[[\"\\n      \",\" Sherlock Holmes \",\"\\n   \"]]}}";
+        JSONObject expectedJson = new JSONObject(expectedJsonString);
+        Util.compareActualVsExpectedJsonObjects(actualJson,expectedJson);
+    }
+    @Test
+    public void shouldTrimWhitespaceEnabledDropsTagsEqualingCDataTagNameButValueRemains() {
+        String originalXml =
+                "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n"+
+                        "<addresses>\n"+
+                        "   <address>\n"+
+                        "      <content> Sherlock Holmes </content>\n"+
+                        "   </address>\n"+
+                        "</addresses>";
+
+        JSONObject actualJson = XML.toJSONObject(originalXml, new XMLParserConfiguration().withShouldTrimWhitespace(true).withcDataTagName("content"));
+        String expectedJsonString = "{\"addresses\":{\"address\":\"Sherlock Holmes\"}}";
+        JSONObject expectedJson = new JSONObject(expectedJsonString);
+        Util.compareActualVsExpectedJsonObjects(actualJson,expectedJson);
+    }
+    @Test
+    public void testWithWhitespaceTrimmingEnabled() {
+        String originalXml = "<testXml> Test Whitespace String \t </testXml>";
+
+        JSONObject actualJson = XML.toJSONObject(originalXml, new XMLParserConfiguration().withShouldTrimWhitespace(true));
+        String expectedJsonString = "{\"testXml\":\"Test Whitespace String\"}";
+        JSONObject expectedJson = new JSONObject(expectedJsonString);
+        Util.compareActualVsExpectedJsonObjects(actualJson,expectedJson);
+    }
+    @Test
+    public void testWithWhitespaceTrimmingEnabledByDefault() {
+        String originalXml = "<testXml> Test Whitespace String \t </testXml>";
+
+        JSONObject actualJson = XML.toJSONObject(originalXml, new XMLParserConfiguration());
+        String expectedJsonString = "{\"testXml\":\"Test Whitespace String\"}";
+        JSONObject expectedJson = new JSONObject(expectedJsonString);
+        Util.compareActualVsExpectedJsonObjects(actualJson,expectedJson);
+    }
+
 }
 
 

src/test/java/org/json/junit/data/WeirdList.java

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import java.util.List;
  */
 public class WeirdList {
     /** */
-    private final List<Integer> list = new ArrayList();
+    private final List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
 
     /**
      * @param vals
@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@ public class WeirdList {
      * @return a copy of the list
      */
     public List<Integer> get() {
-        return new ArrayList(this.list);
+        return new ArrayList<>(this.list);
     }
 
     /**
      * @return a copy of the list
      */
     public List<Integer> getALL() {
-        return new ArrayList(this.list);
+        return new ArrayList<>(this.list);
     }
 
     /**